不同诱变处理对苦荬菜M1代农艺性状和品质影响的初报

 利用空间飞行（ａｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅｆｌｉｇｈｔ，ＡＦ）和６０Ｃｏ γ射线分别处理苦荬菜干种子，比较分析其Ｍ１代与对照（ＣＫ）的７个主要农艺性状和品质构成因子。结果表明，发芽率、发芽势、株高、产量、粗纤维、粗蛋白存在显著差异（P＜０．０５），粗脂肪差异不显著。相关性分析发芽率、发芽势、产量三者之间存在极显著相关（P＜０．０１）；株高、粗脂肪、粗蛋白存在显著相关（P<0.05）；产量与粗脂肪呈极显著相关性（P＜０．０１）。主成分分析表明，苦荬菜Ｍ１代突变群体的变异主要通过产量因子、品质因子２主成分体现出来（累积贡献率达８６．４４６１％），选用空间飞行和^６０Ｃｏ-γ射线２０Ｇｙ处理的后代作为育种材料最好。

A preliminary study on effect of feeding characters and quality traits in M1 of Lactuca indica by different mutation treatments

Dry seeds of Lactuca indica in aerospace flight (AF) were irradiated with different doses of ~(60)Co-γ rays and were used to compare and analyze seven main feeding characters and quality traits in the M1 of L. indica. There were significant differences in the rate of germination, germination potential, height, yield, crude fiber, and crude protein (P<0.05) without crude fat. The rate of germination was significantly correlated with germination potential and yield (P<0.05). The height was significantly correlated with crude fat and crude protein (P<0.05). The yield was significantly correlated with crude fat (P<0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative ratio of contribution of 86.446 1% comes from plant yield factors and plant quality factors. The results showed that use of AF and 20 Gy of ~(60)Co-γ rays treatment is important because it is a better way to cultivate new varieties.