小麦不同胞质不育系花粉败育的细胞学比较研究

以５种小麦同核异质胞质雄性不育系为材料，观察其花药及小孢子的形成与发育过程，对各个材料进行比较，结果表明：１．小孢子败育发生在小孢子发育的各个时期，小孢子母细胞时期与单核期为两个败育高峰期。２．单核期以前出现小孢子母细胞粘连、大型细胞、多核质团及整个花药败育等现象；单核期发生大量败育，以小孢子胞质稀薄式解体为主，兼有部分绒毡层异常；单核期以后存留极少数小孢子，可继续进行有丝或无丝的核分裂，形成２￣

A Comparative Cytological Study on the Pollen Abortion of Different Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines of Wheat

The microsporgenesis and pollen development of five types of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line of wheat (Triticum aestivum) with the same nucleus but different cytoplasms were studied and compared with one another. The results obtained were summarized as follows:1. Pollen abortion might occur at various stages of microsporogenesis and pollen development , especially at the stages of microsporocyte and uninucleate microspore.2. Before uninucleate stage, some abnormal phenomena were observed, such as fusing of microspores, unusual giant cells, pesiplasmodiums and disintegration of anthers. Most mi-crospores degenerated at uninucleate stage, accompanied with abnormality of tapetum. A few microspores remained after uninucleate stage, and they could go on with nucleus division.3. On the one hand, having the same nucleus, the five types of CMS line had similar abortive characters; on the other hand, probably owing to different cytoplasms, their appearance of abortion were different. It might indicate that the closer the relation of cytoplasmic types are, the more similar are their appearance.4. It was suggested that the reason of the abortion of CMS lines might be nucleo-cytoplas-mic interaction.