北京夏季机械通风育肥猪舍CO2、NH3排放和耗水量研究

为明确拔塞式清粪机械通风育肥猪舍夏季CO2和NH3的排放量及猪舍耗水量,并建立中国类似设施猪舍的气体排放及水的消耗量基线及寻求减排和节水空间,选择北京市拔塞式清粪机械通风育肥猪舍,设计机械通风系统的通风量测量系统,并测量机械通风量,从2015年7月25日至8月11日(共18d)监测猪舍NH3、CO2排放量和耗水量.试验结果表明,NH3排放量平均值为(23.4±11.0)g/(d·500kg),范围为4.3~49.5g/(d·500kg).NH3的排放量在08:00和14:00极显著高于10:00,12:00、16:00和18:00时的排放量(P<0.001),可能是人工清粪行为导致NH3排放量降低.CO2排放量平均值为2.73±0.78kg/(d·500kg),最大和最小排放量分别是5.00和1.00kg/(d·500kg),44%的日平均排放量为2.5~3kg/(d·500kg),92%的日平均排放量小于4.0kg/(d·500kg),日间CO2排放量在12:00达到高峰.育肥猪耗水量的最大值、最小值和平均值分别为90.0,19.6和47.0L/(d·pig).

CO2 and NH3 emissions and water consumption at mechanically ventilated finishing pig house in Beijing equipped with pull-plug manure removal system

Abstract: In the present study afield experiment was conducted to quantify CO2 and NH3 emissions and water consumption from 25th July, 2015 to 11th August, 2015 (18 days) during summer in a finishing pig house in Beijing equipped with a pull-plug manure removal system and a curtain tunnel mechanical ventilation system. NH3 emission rates were (23.4±11.0) g/(d·500kg), and NH3 emission rates ranged from 4.3 to 49.5 g/(d·500kg). Ammonia emission rates at 08:00 and 14:00 were significantly higher than those at 10:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 18:00 (P<0.001), presumably due to manure removal by workers lowering emissions. The average CO2 emission rate was (2.73±0.78) g/(d·500kg), and maximum and minimum rates were 5.00 and 1.00 g/(d·500kg), respectively. The average daily mean emission rate with a maximum frequency of 44% was 2.5-3 g/(d·500kg), and around 92% of average daily emission rates were less than 4.0 g/(d·500kg). Daytime CO2 emissions peak was at 12:00. Maximum, minimum and average water consumption rates including the water pad on a per pig per day basis were 90.0, 19.6 and 47.0 L/(d·pig), respectively. These results establish baseline CO2 and NH3 emissions and water consumption values for pig production facilities of this type in China.