山东省茶树抗寒变异特性的研究

经对10地市茶区,6个气象因子作最短距离聚类分析得出,山东茶主要分布在4个生态类型区域内,第一类型区域在日照岚山、莒县、大坡和巨峰;第二生态类型区域在临沂莒南和青岛胶南;第三生态类型区域在泰安小津口和新泰;第四生态类型区域在青岛崂山和潍坊诸城。从各生态类型区域茶树变异指数分析得出,茶树冻害由轻到重呈花斑式分布。经典型相关分析,各气象因子与叶片组织结构变化呈正相关性,以年降雨量和极端最低温度对茶树变异影响最大,其次是年平均温度、无霜期和日照时数,1月份年均气温对叶片结构变化影响不大。叶片结构以栅栏组织厚度对气候条件最敏感,其次是栅栏组织与海绵组织的比值、海绵组织厚度,叶片厚度和上表皮厚度与气象因子无关。

Study on the Variation of Cold Resistance of Tea Plant in Shandong Province

Clustering analysis of short distances on tea areas of ten cities and towns and six meteorologic factors showed that tea in Shandong is distributed mainly in four ecological regions. There are Rizhao and Qingdao, Linyi, Junan and Jiaonan of Qingdao; Taian and Xintai; as well as Laoshan of Qingdao and Zhucheng of Weifang. Analysis of variation indexes on tea in each ecological areas showed that frozen injury from light to heavy on tea dispersed piebald-style. Analysis of typical relativity showed that each meteorological factor is positively correlated with the change of tissue structure in tea leaf, among these meteorological factors, the most important factors on tea variation are annual rainfall and the extreme lowest temperature, followed by average annual temperature , frost-free period and sunshine hour, January average annual temperature in January showed little influence on it. With leaf structure the thickness of palisade tissue is most sensitive to climate, then the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue and the thickness of spongy tissue. The thickness of leaf and the upper epidermis showed no relationship with the meteorologic factors.