麦类作物非生物胁迫抗性基因研究进展

麦类作物是世界上主要的粮食作物，干旱、低温、盐碱等环境因子是麦类作物生产的主要限制因子。通过对干旱、低温、盐碱等非生物胁迫抗性的遗传和分子技术研究，已确定了大批与这些抗性相关的基因的主效位点、数量位点(QTLs)和与胁迫反应相关的基因序列。对这些基因位点、基因序列的关系及其功能的研究是进行麦类作物非生物胁迫抗性改良的基础。本文从非生物胁迫抗性基因位点、与胁迫反应相关的基因序列、抗性基因位点分子基础、抗性基因功能验证、抗性基因的比较基因组学等五个方面对麦类作物非生物胁迫抗性基因的研究进行了综述。

Advances on the Genes to Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Triticeae Crops

Physical stresses, particularly drought, low temperature and salinity, place major limits on cereal productivity. The identification of the genetic components of abiotic stress tolerance is, therefore, a requirement to (ensure) further breeding progress. The recent advances in the genetic and molecular understanding of abiotic stress (responses) have led to the identification of a great number of major loci, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes (related) to abiotic stress (tolerance) in triticeae crops. The new knowledge about loci and genes involved in abiotic stress (tolerance) is expected to move the selection from phenotype to genotype (marker-assisted selection and transgenic breeding); thereby (reducing) the negative affects of the (environ)ment on the triticeae crops. In this paper, advances on the genes to abiotic stress in triticeae were (reviewed) from 5 aspects of abiotic stress (tolerance) loci, (sequences) of abiotic stress (response) associated genes, molecular basis of the abiotic stress (tolerance) loci, testifying of the abiotic stress associated genes and comparative genomics of the abiotic stress (associated) genes.