辣椒单倍体培养研究进展

对影响辣椒单倍体培养的几个主要因素:材料基因型、发育时期、预处理培养基等进行了综述。不同的材料甚至采用相同培养条件,胚状体的诱导频率差异也不同。当花瓣与花萼等长或花瓣稍长于花萼,花药为绿色或花药末端略带淡紫色时,是最适合单倍体培养的时期。NHT培养基是比较适合的培养基。经过适当的预处理(低温、高温、无碳源、甘露醇、秋水仙素等),并加入0.01～0.5mg/L的激素(BA、KT、NAA、2,4-D)和防止褐化(3mg/L硝酸银)会大大提高胚状体发生。但总体来讲辣椒单倍体培养发展较慢,还有许多方面需要改进。通过近一步深入系统研究,辣椒单倍体培养技术会有突破性进展。

Perspectiyes of Pepper Haploid Culture

The critical factors involving in haploid culture were summarized in this paper including geno-types,the stage of pollen development,pretreatment,medium.The inducing frequencies of embryo greatly fluctuated on different materials even in same culture conditions.When the length of petals were same as that of calyx or slightly longer than that and the anthers were green or light purple,it was the best time to collect explants of haploid culture.NHT medium was more suitable medium than others.The appropriate pre-processing,such as low temperature,high temperature,non-carbon sources,mannitol,colchicine,and reasonable hormones addition 0.01～0.5 mg/L （BA,KT,NAA,2,4-D）,as well as the chemicals preventing browning （3 mg /L AgNO3） had greatly enhanced somatic embryogenesis.In general,the advancement on the research of pepper haploid cultivation was sluggish and there were multiple aspects need to be improved.It was expected pepper haploid culture technology would get a breakthrough based on the further systematic research.