我国常用玉米自交系的耐旱性评价

2007年冬季和2008年春季分别在海南三亚和新疆乌鲁木齐对196份玉米自交系采用两种不同干旱胁迫处理，依据形态性状及产量相关性状评价其耐旱性。通过典型相关分析发现，株高、雌雄开花间隔天数(ASI)、单穗粒重和结实株数百分率4个性状可以作为玉米自交系耐旱性评价指标。采用因子分析方法，计算株高、雌雄开花间隔天数、单穗粒重和结实株数百分率4个性状的综合耐旱系数，对196份玉米自交系进行耐旱性评价，将试验材料分为耐旱、中度耐旱、中度干旱敏感和干旱敏感4种类型。两点试验耐旱级别完全一致的材料有58份，其中耐旱自交系有7份(H201、Mo113、英64、H21、早49、丹598、吉842)；中度耐旱自交系有14份(丹黄02、8902、中106、郑22、中黄68、K22等)，这些材料为耐旱育种提供了种质基础。

Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Commonly Used Maize Inbred Lines in China

A total of 196 maize inbred lines were evaluated for drought tolerance with alpha-lattice field design under two water regimes in 2007, Hainan province and 2008 in Xinjiang province, respectively. The 12 phenotypic traits including plant stay green, tassel length, plant height, ear height, leaf rolling, kernel weight per ear, hundred kernels weight, ear row numbers, bared tip, percentage of plant with seeds and kernel number per row were investigated in these trials. The canonical correlation analysis of 12 traits investigated showed that four traits of plant height, ASI(Anthesis-silking interval), kernel weight per ear and percentage of plant with seed were identified to evaluate inbred lines for drought tolerance. Based on factor analysis, integrated DTI(Drought tolerance index) of each inbred line was calculated to classify the maize inbred lines tested into 4 different drought-tolerant types: drought tolerance, medium drought tolerance, medium drought susceptible and drought susceptible. 58 maize inbred lines had the same responses for drought tolerance, including 7 drought tolerant inbred, 14 medium tolerant. These materials were provided for the breeding of drought-tolerant germplasm base.