钴圃慢照射小麦不同发育阶段植株的生物学效应

利用钴圃分别慢照射普通小麦减数分裂期前、配子体时期、合子幼胚期的植株。结果表明:照射合子幼胚期对当代(M_1)结实率的影响较小,对下一代(M_2)出苗率的影响较大,M_2代的出苗率可作为选择照射合子幼胚期适宜剂量的主要指标。慢照射当代是辐射损伤的主要世代,M_2代的损伤已很轻,是突变显现的第1个世代。文中讨论了照射植株的世代划分问题。

BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ~(60)Co CHRONIC IRRADIATION ON DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENT STAGE IN COMMON WHEAT(T.aestivum L.)

Common wheats were irradiated in 60Co garden at the stages of plant mature sporophyte,gametophyte,zygote-young embryo during the growing cycle.The biological effects of M1 and M2 were studied.The results show that the rate of seedling emergence in M2 was significantly related to the development stage of irradiation.When irradiated in the phase of zygote-young embryo,the emergence rate of M2 was greatly influenced,but the irradiation had a little effect on the fertility of M1.The rate of seedling emergence in M2 can be used for determining optimal dose of,irradiation.The rate of micro-nuclei cells were low in the root tip cells of M1 and seedling cells of M2.The M1 is the major generation of irradiation injury.The irradiation injury of M2 is minor.M2 is the first generation for mutant selection.The generation gradation of chronic irradiation was dicussed.