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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganesis: Tracking strains using their genetic differentiations by ISSR markers in Southern Turkey
Authors:Ömür Baysal  Francesco Mercati  Hatice İkten  Raziye Çetinkaya Yıldız  Francesco Carimi  Yeşim Aysan  Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Affiliation:1. West Meditereanean Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Plant Pathology and Molecular Biology Departments, P.B. 35 07100 Antalya, Turkey;2. Institute of Plant Genetics–CNR, Research Division Palermo, Corso Calatafimi 414, I-90129 Palermo, Italy;3. Plant Protection Institute (AZMA), Plant Pathology Department, K??la Str. 01321 Yüre?ir, Adana, Turkey;4. Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, 01330 Adana, Turkey;5. Faculty of Agriculture and Graduate School of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan;6. Enbiotec SRL, Via Aquileia 34A, I-90144 Palermo, Italy;2. Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany;4. Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany;11. Bioprobe Application Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Japan;1. Microanalysis Lab., Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt;2. Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622 Egypt;1. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academic of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650204, PR China;2. Chinese Center for Chirality, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, and College of Pharmacy Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China;3. Graduate University of CAS, Beijing 100049, PR China.;1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 463-707, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-707, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea;5. Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Department of Digital Information Engineering, 107 Imun-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-791, Republic of Korea;6. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 463-707, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;1. ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, UP 275103, India;2. University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, KA 560065, India
Abstract:There is no available data published related to the dissemination of bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and its genetic diversity in Turkey. It is important to control new introduced inoculum sources by commercial seeds and seedlings. Pathogens were identified by morphological features and the identity was confirmed by PCR amplification using a specific primer PSA-4, PSA-R in addition to microbiological tests. ISSR markers showing high polymorphism ratios were selected and used to characterize Cmm strains. The collected strains were classified into different groups on the basis of ISSR-PCR fingerprints, which showed remarkable genetic specificity and diversity not previously identified in Cmm, suggesting that genetic differences are related to dissemination of the pathogen in the region. This is the first ever study carried out on the characterization of Cmm using ISSR. The selected ISSR primers to characterize Cmm can be used to determine genetic differences in further studies.
Keywords:
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