农田生态系统中的鼠类群落管理

农田生态系统内，鼠害的形成是土地农业利用和开发的“副产品”，农业生产格局、作物布局和各种农业措施等都会对鼠类的生存与发展产生影响。不科学的灭鼠不仅不能控制害鼠，而且还会刺激鼠类数量的增长。制定农田鼠类管理措施，除了需要掌握鼠类本身的发生规律、种群动态等生物生态学特性外，应关注农业生产格局对鼠类群落产生的重大影响，充分发挥农业措施对鼠类群落种群发生发展的作用。同时，还应注意人类的经济建设活动对鼠类群落的影响，必须认识到鼠害治理是一项社会性的工程。

Rodent Management in Field Ecosystem

Rodent not only cause damages on crops and also hazard to health of people in agroecosystem. But on the other hand ,rodent including those pest species play an important role in ecosystem. The basic reason for rodent to become pests is land use as farm in field ecosystem, which has significant impacts on species diversity. And agricultural activities also play an important rule on rodent population, such as intercropping, rotation, tillage, irrigation, weeding, and replace of agrotype or crop species. Rodenticide use in unreasonable and extensive way results in loss of nontarget natural enemy. Proper strategies for rodent management in farmland should consider factors of agricultural activities and follow ecological principles. It is also suggested to pay colse attention to the impoacts of social and economic activities on rodent populations and their control.