中国传统稻鱼共生系统的历史分析

中国是历史上最早进行稻田养鱼的国家，这种传统的生态农业方式既充分、合理地利用水土资源，又能增产粮食和水产品，具有显著的经济、社会和生态效益，因而被传承下来，并在稻作区广泛传播，成为极富生命力的农业文化遗产，对当今农业生产中生物多样性的利用富有启发意义。这一历史传统的形成和发展，与自然资源、经济发展状况、生态环境条件和文化传统密不可分。今天传统稻鱼生产方式正面临诸多亟待解决的问题。

The Tradition and Status Quo of Rice-fish system That Typify Eco-Agriculture

China has the longest history of fish breeding in paddy fields.The traditional eco-agricultural mode makes full and efficient use of the water resource while increase the output of agriculture and aquatic products.Due to its significant effects in the economic, social and ecological aspects,such a mode has been passed down and become widespread in rice cultivating areas to grow into an agricultural heritage full of vitality. The making and the development of the tradition is closely associated with the natural resources, economic development,eco-environmental conditions and cultural tradtion.The traditional fish breeding mode, however, is confronted with many problems that call for emergent solutions.