巴西蕉的营养特性及钾镁肥配施技术研究

钾、镁肥配施是香蕉施肥的重要措施之一。研究巴西蕉(Musa.AAA.Giant.Cavendish.cv.Baxi)的营养特性及钾镁肥配施对其生长影响的田间试验结果表明,假茎与叶片是养分累积的最主要部位;在整个生育期,叶片Mg／K比波动最大。为获得60t／hm2的高产,巴西蕉需要吸收N.275.3.kg、P24.6.kg、K900.0.kg、Ca.151.2.kg、Mg.73.2.kg、S.23.9kg、Fe.2091.7g、Mn.2910.6g、B.228.6.g和Zn.435.6.g。在土壤镁素丰富及Mg／K比为6.87和香蕉大量施钾条件下,施镁肥对巴西蕉的叶片营养、植株长势、蕉果农艺性状、品质及产量没有明显影响,因此,在此条件下可不必配施镁肥。

Nutritional characteristics and K and Mg fertilizer combination in Baxi banana

Because of the essentiality of K and Mg fertilizer combination on banana's production, nutritional characteristics of Baxi banana (the most popular variety in China) and effects of K and Mg fertilizer combination on its growth were studied. Field trial results showed that nutrients mainly accumulated in pseudostems and leave of banana. The undulation of Mg/K ratio in leaves is biggest during the growth period of Baxi banana for the purpose of a high yield being 60 metric tones per hectare, the plants should absorb 275.3 kg N, 24.6 kg P, 900.0 kg K, 151.2 kg Ca, 73.2 kg Mg, 24.0 kg S, 2091.7 g Fe, 2910.6 g Mn, 228.6 g B and 435.6 g Zn, separately. Under the condition of Mg being rich in soils and Mg/K ratio being 6.87, the application of Mg combined with the application of a great deal of K didn' t have significant effect on the foliar nutrition, growth, agronomic characteristics, quality and yield of banana. We can draw the conclusion that Mg fertilizer may not need to be applied.