湛江新记录树种光叶柿及其人工育苗研究

光叶柿属华南地区珍稀树种,具有重要的开发价值。通过分布于湛江的光叶柿母株调查、果实及种子形态测定、苗期施肥试验研究,结果表明：光叶柿花期为１～3月,果实期3～6月,球形果实平均直径1.78 cm,平均单果重6.79 g;种子扁,近长圆形,长约1 cm,宽约5 mm,新鲜种子千粒重157.3 g;直播种子于41 d后发芽出苗,于生长63 d后平均树高9.98 cm,平均地径1.55 mm,生长163 d后平均树高26.11 cm,平均地径3.43 mm。施用肥料相对生长量由高到低顺序为氮肥＞复合肥＞有机肥＞钾肥＞磷肥＞未施肥。及格苗率氮肥和复合肥效果最明显。建议进一步加强其野生母树保护和引种育苗管理研究。

Diospyros diversilimba Merr. et Chun, a New Record Tree Species in Zhanjiang, and Its Propagation

Diospyros diversilimba Merr. et Chun is a rare and precious tree species in South China, with a high value for development. A survey was made of the mango ortets, morphology of fruit and seeds determined, and fertilizer application experiments conducted at the nursery stage in Zhanjiang. Results showed that it bloomed from January to March, and set fruit from March to June. The mature fruit was spherical, 1.78 cm in diameter and weighed 6.79 g/fruit by average; the seeds wer about 1 cm long, about 0.5 mm wide, and 157.3 g for 1000 fresh seeds, and germinated 41 days after sowing; the seedlings grew 9.98 cm high and 1.55 mm in basal diameter at the sowing day 63, 26.11 cm high and 3.43 mm in basal diameter at the sowing day 163. The relative growth of the seedlingings increased with fertilizer application in the order of the nitrogen fertilizer> the compound fertilizer> the organic fertilizer> the K fertilizer> the P fertilizer> no fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizer and the compound fertilizer were best to produce qualified seedlings. It is recommended to conserve the wild mother plants of D. diversilimba and improve their nursery management.