21世纪以来我国首创的森林经营方法

我国林业建设已经全面进入以生态建设为主的新阶段,培育健康稳定、优质高效的森林生态系统已成为满足新时代生态文明建设总体要求的目标,实现这一目标的关键就是要通过采取科学合理的经营措施,改善森林的结构,加速森林的生长和正向演替,提高森林的生产力,提升森林质量。本文在简要回顾我国林业建设不同阶段的森林经营目标和经营技术的基础上,对林业建设进入以生态建设为主的阶段以来,我国自主研发的森林经营理论与技术进行了全面回顾,从理论基础、核心技术和应用实践这3个方面重点对“生态采伐更新技术体系”“天然林保育恢复技术体系”及“结构化森林经营理念与技术体系”进行系统总结,旨在为我国当前正在实施的森林质量精准提升工程提供依据。 

Forest management method originated by China since the 21st century

China’s forestry development has entered a new stage and the ecological construction has been a main task of forestry construction. Cultivating healthy, stable, high-quality and efficient forest ecosystems has become the goal to meet the overall requirements of the construction of ecological civilization in the new era. The key to achieving this goal is to improve the structure of forests, accelerate forest growth and forward succession, improve the productivity and quality of forests by adopting scientific and rational management measures. Based on a brief review of the forest management objectives and techniques in different stages of forestry construction in China, this paper reviews the theories and techniques of forest management independently developed in China since forestry construction entered the stage of ecological construction, focusing on the technical system of “ecological harvesting and regeneration”, “natural forest conservation and restoration” and “structural-based forest management” summarized from three aspects: theoretical basis, core technology and application practice, in order to provide a basis for precise upgrading of forest quality currently being implemented in China.