黄山森林生态系统土壤动物群落结构特征及其多样性

黄山是我国中亚热带北缘的植物宝库和天然植物园,仅自然分布的植物种类就有1 450余种,是我国南北植物区系交替过渡地带,具有独特的自然地理环境,生物资源丰富,于1990年12月被联合国世界遗产委员会列为世界文化和自然遗产单位.然而,对黄山森林土壤动物群落的研究报道尚属少见.

Structural Characteristics and Biodiversity of Soil Animal Community in Huangshan Forest Systems

A preliminary investigation on the characteristics of animals in the soil of Huangshan forests was conducted. Invertebrates included 33 genera in 11 classes and 5 phyla, among which Acarina, Collembola and Nematoda were dominant groups, occupied 88.21% of the total samples, and formed the main body of the forest soil animal community. The others included common groups and rare groups, respectively accounting for 5.85 % and 5.98 % . It is warm and humid in the mid-subtropical region of China, covered with lush vegetation has and with an abundant resource of animals in the soil underneath. Soil animal abundance was affected by a number of factors, among which vegetation and soil types are the main limiting factors. Based on data collected from 4 sample sites the evergreen broad-leaved forest and the conifer-broad leaved mixed forest had the highest average density of soil animals, rearching up to 68.80 and 66.53 10~4·m~(-3) , respectively, while the artificial coniferous forest had the lowest density, with only 36.43 10~4·m~(-3).The vertical distribution of animals in the soil was closely related with the surface accumulation of organic matter and the vertical variation of soil physiochemical characteistics. The results showed the soil animals were mainly distributed in litter and humus layers, and obviously accumulated on of the soil surface and sharply decreased downward.