不同鸡种TAP1基因SNPs和INDEL比对分析

为探究抗原加工相关转运体1(TAP1)基因在不同鸡种中的遗传多样性及其进化机制,采用目标序列捕获测序技术对29个不同鸡种TAP1基因的序列进行比对分析。结果显示:在29个鸡种中共有270个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),其中TAP1基因外显子中共有116个SNPs,主要发生在外显子9和外显子1上,分别占突变核苷酸总数的25%和24%;引起非同义突变的SNPs共有82个,突变最多的是A/G,氨基酸同源性高于核苷酸;所有29个鸡种中都存在SNPs,快大型青脚麻鸡和红色原鸡在外显子上具有最多的SNPs,发生碱基缺失的鸡种包括固始鸡、安卡鸡、斗鸡罗斯鸡杂交品种、绿壳蛋鸡、来航鸡,其中固始鸡缺失片段最长。TAP1基因在不同鸡种中存在高度变异性,说明这种多样性对于鸡抗病性具有重要作用,研究结果也为鸡的抗病育种提供了参考。

Comparative Analysis of SNPs and Indel of TAP1 Gene in Different Chicken Breeds

In order to explore the genetic diversity and evolution mechanism of transporter associated with antigen processing 1(TAP1) gene in different chicken breeds, this study used target sequence capture sequencing technology to compare and analyze the sequences of TAP1 gene in 29 kinds of chicken breeds. The results showed that there were270 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in 29 chicken breeds, of which 116 SNPs were in TAP1 gene exon, which mainly occurred in exon 9 and exon 1, and the distribution accounted for 25% and 24% of the total number of mutant nucleotides. There were 82 nonsynonymous mutations in SNPs, the most mutated was A/G, and the amino acid homology was higher than that of nucleotides. They all exited SNPs in all 29 chicken breeds, Partridge Shank chicken and Gallus gallus had the most of SNPs in exon. The chicken breeds including Gushi chicken, Anak chicken, hybridization of Game chicken and Ross chicken, Green-shelled chicken and Leghorn chicken all had base deletions, and Gushi chicken had the longest deletion. There was a high degree of variability in TAP1 gene in different chicken breeds,indicating that the diversity had an important role in disease resistance of chickens and also provided a basis for chicken resistance breeding.