纳米银处理减轻香石竹切花细菌性茎堵塞的研究

探讨了新型抗菌剂纳米银（nano-silver，NS）处理对香石竹‘Master’切花的保鲜作用及其减轻切花细菌性茎堵塞的效果。结果表明，用150 ~ 300 mg · L-1 NS 溶液预处理香石竹切花茎基端1 h 后再瓶插于去离子水中，可延长切花的瓶插寿命和促进瓶插期间花径增大，并改善切花的水分吸收和维持切花的鲜样质量，其中以250 mg · L-1 NS 处理效果最佳；进一步研究发现，250 mg · L-1 NS 处理可显著延缓香石竹切花茎末端水分导度的降低。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定NS 在香石竹切花体内分布和变化特点表明，经250 mg · L-1 NS 预处理1 h 后，整个瓶插期间NS 主要集中在香石竹切花的茎末端。此外，通过扫描电镜观察证实，该处理可显著减轻香石竹切花细菌性茎堵塞的发生。

Nano-silver Treatments Alleviated Bacterial Blockage in Cut Carnation Stems

The preservation effects of pretreatment with nano-silver（NS），a new-type anti-bacterialagent，on cut carnations（Dianthus caryphyllus‘Master’），and its efficacy in alleviating bacterial blockagein their stems were investigated. The results showed that pretreatment with 150–300 mg · L-1 NS for 1 hto cut carnations before placed in vases containing de-ioned water could significantly prolong their vaselife，increase the flower diameter，improve water uptake，and maintain relative fresh mass. The bestconcentration of NS was 250 mg · L-1. It was also found that pretreatment with 250 mg · L-1 NS couldsignificantly delay the decline in hydraulic conductance in the stem-ends of cut carnations. Furtherdetermination using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry demonstrated that NSmostly remained within the lowermost part of the cut carnation stem throughout the vase period. Inaddition，the observation results of Scanning Electron Microscopy certified that pretreatment with 250mg · L-1 NS could effectively alleviate bacterial blockage in stem-ends of cut carnations.