汉阳地区湖泊摇蚊幼虫群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

为了解武汉市汉阳地区湖泊摇蚊幼虫群落结构和多样性及其与湖泊富营养化的关系,2011-2012年对后官湖、三角湖、南太子湖、墨水湖和龙阳湖等5个湖泊的摇蚊幼虫群落及环境因子进行了季节性调查。在汉阳5个湖泊共采集摇蚊科幼虫6属6种。中国长足摇蚊是这些湖泊摇蚊幼虫群落的共同优势种,优势度变化范围为26.8%~86.4%。摇蚊幼虫年平均密度为(748±162)ind./m~2,年平均生物量为(2.77±0.98)g/m~2,后官湖摇蚊幼虫密度和生物量最低[(171±32)ind./m~2,(0.32±0.12)g/m~2],龙阳湖最高[(1 066±468)ind./m~2,(5.37±2.48)g/m~2])。摇蚊幼虫密度和生物量最高值出现在1月份。摇蚊幼虫Margalef指数(dM)和Shannon-Wiener指数(H')平均值分别为0.38±0.05和0.72±0.12,后官湖摇蚊幼虫多样性指数最高(dM=0.58±0.12,H'=1.03±0.19),南太子湖最低(dM=0.28±0.14,H'=0.38±0.13)。相关分析表明,汉阳地区湖泊摇蚊幼虫密度和生物量与水体总氮、氨氮、总磷和叶绿素a呈显著正相关。冗余分析(RDA)表明,透明度和总氮是影响摇蚊幼虫群落组成的关键因子。研究结果表明汉阳湖泊摇蚊幼虫优势种、密度、生物量和多样性指数对湖泊水质有较好的指示作用。

Community structure of chironomid larvae and relationship with environmental factors from lakes in Hanyang,Wuhan

To understand the community structure and diversity of chironomid larvae and relationship with eutrophication in the lakes of Hanyang, Wuhan, China, a seasonal survey on chironomid larvae and environmental variables was conducted in five lakes ( Houguan Lake, Sanjiao Lake, Nantaizi Lake, Moshui Lake and Longyang Lake) during 2011-2012. Alto-gether 6 species, 6 genera of chironomid larvae were collected from the five lakes in Hanyang. Tanypus chinensis dominated the community of chironomid larvae in the five lakes, with the dominance ranging from 26. 8% to 86. 4%. The annual aver-age density of chironomid larvae was (748 ± 162) ind. /m2, and the annual average biomass was (2. 77 ± 0. 98) g/m2. The highest average density (171 ± 32) ind. /m2 and biomass (0. 32 ± 0. 12) g/m2 occurred in Houguan Lake, while the lowest values occurred in Longyang Lake [(1066 ± 468) ind. /m2 and (5. 37 ± 2. 48) g/m2] . The peak of densi-ty and biomass was observed in January. Average Margalef index ( dM ) and Shannon-Wiener index ( H′) of the communi-ty of chironomid larvae from the five lakes in Hanyang were 0. 38 ± 0. 05 and 0. 72 ± 0. 12, respectively. The highest di-versity (dM =0. 58 ± 0. 12, H′=1. 03 ± 0. 19) occurred in Hougan Lake, and the lowest diversity (dM = 0. 28 ± 0. 14, H′=0. 38 ± 0. 13) occurred in Nantaizi Lake. Significantly positive relationships were found between density/bio-mass and total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorous and chlorophylla. Redundancy analysis ( RDA) revealed that transparency of water ( SD) and total nitrogen ( TN) were the key environmental variables effecting the composition of chi-ronomid larva community. It is concluded that dominant species, density, biomass and diversity index of chironomid larvae are good indicators for water quality of the lakes in Hanyang.