农田水利投资的增收效应——基于层级收入与地区差异的分析

农村公共投资作为财政支农改革的重要内容,近年来在促进农业发展和农民增收方面的作用愈加凸显。基于2003—2016年的相关数据,实证研究了农田水利专项投资对农民收入的影响。结果表明:(1)在控制相关影响因素条件下,农田水利投资的增收效应主要体现在农民家庭经营性收入的增长,而难以成为拉动农民整体收入水平的有利因素。(2)农田水利建设投资在一定程度上挤出了财政对农民的补贴性或转移性支出,产生了收入“替代效应”。(3)异质性分析结果表明,农田水利专项投资的农业生产增收效应具有收入递增性和地区差异性。一方面,增收表现出边际递增态势,农民家庭经营性收入越高,农田水利投资的增收效果越强。另一方面,更依赖农业收入的地区,农田水利投资的增收效应越显著。依据本文得出结论,农田水利投资的增收效应还未趋于饱和,继续加大投资力度并优化农田水利支农资金结构,有助于深化财政支农改革,促进各地区农村均衡发展。

Income-increasing Effect of Irrigation and Water Conservancy Investment:An Analysis Based on Hierarchical Income and Regional Differences

As an important part of the reform of financial support for agriculture,rural public investment has played an important role in promoting agricultural development and increasing farmers’income in recent years.Based on the relevant data from 2003 to 2016,this paper empirically studies the impact of special investment in irrigation and water conservancy on farmers’income.The results show that:Firstly,under the condition of controlling the relevant influencing factors,the income-increasing effect of irrigation and water conservancy investment is mainly reflected in the increase of farmers’household operating income,but it is difficult to become a powerful factor driving the overall income level of farmers.Secondly,the investment in irrigation and water conservancy construction squeezed out the financial subsidy or transfer expenditure to farmers to a certain extent,resulting in the income“substitution effect”.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the income-increasing effect of special investment in irrigation and water conservancy has the characteristics of in-creasing income and regional differences.On one hand,the increase of income shows a marginal in-creasing trend,the higher the operating income of farmers’families,the stronger the income increase effect of irrigation and water conservancy investment.On the other hand,the more dependent on agri-cultural income,the more significant the income-increasing effect of irrigation and water conservancy investment.The results of this paper show that the income-increasing effect of irrigation and water conservancy investment is not yet saturated,and continuing to increase investment and optimizing the capital structure of irrigation and water conservancy supporting agriculture will help to deepen the re-form of financial support for agriculture and promote the balanced development of rural areas in vari-ous areas.