山西黑茶山自然保护区青毛杨的濒危原因和保护对策

青毛杨是中国特有的稀有物种，现已列为国家级保护植物，仅自然分布于山西兴县境内的黑茶山自然保护区。目前青毛杨有4个种群，种群个体数227株。青毛杨的主要濒危原因是：①有效结实率低，种子不易自然传播；②种子小，寿命短，容易丧失萌发力；③实生幼苗喜阴，成活率低；④人为砍伐和放牧干扰严重。针对青毛杨的濒危现状和原因，提出了科学保护的对策。

Endangered Causes and Conservation Strategies of Populus shanxiensis in Heichashan Mountain Nature Reserve, Shanxi Province

Populus shanxiensis is a rare tree species which is peculiar in China,and now it is classified as national protected plants,which is only naturally distributed to Heichashan Mountain Natural Reserve in Xing County,Shanxi Province.At present,there are 4 field populations,of which the figures totally come to 227 individuals of Populus shanxiensis in Heichashan Mountain.The primary endangered causes of Populus shanxiensis are as follows: ①The effective seed setting rate is low,and the seed is not easy to spread naturally;②The seed is tiny and its life-span is short,so it is easy to lose germination ability;③ The seedling plant is acclimated to shade,and the survival rate is low;④ The disturbance of the human-caused cutting and the grazing is serious.According to the endangered present situation and causes,some scientific conservation strategies are proposed furthermore.