组合用药防治超级杂交稻甬优12病虫害及效益分析

于2014年在杭州市余杭区良渚街道纤石村水稻绿色防控区,进行了不同药剂组合、不同施药时期全程防控超级杂交稻甬优12病虫害的试验,同时考察了成本效益。结果显示,组合用药在减少化学农药施用量和节约成本的同时能有效防控多种病虫害。在栽培与肥水管理措施相同的情况下,与处理3(农民常规防治方法)相比,处理1减少用药次数1次,节约成本418.5元/hm~2,挽回稻谷损失1 264.5 kg/hm~2(增产12.25%),增收14.30%;与处理3相比,处理2用药次数减少1次,挽回稻谷产量损失603.0 kg/hm~2(增产5.84%),增收5.90%。表明不同药剂组合在防治水稻病虫害的成本效益方面存在较大差异,选择合适的用药方案可以起到节本增效、保护生态环境和提高稻米品质的作用。

Application of Pesticides Combination and Benefit Analysis for Controlling Diseases and In-sect Pests of Super Hybrid Rice Yongyou12

Three pesticides combinations were applied for controlling the diseases and insect pests of super hybrid rice Yongyou12 in green control area at Xianshi Village of Liangzhu Sub-district, and the cost-effectiveness were evaluated. The results showed that less chemical pesticides and low costs were not in conflict with pest control effectiveness. The application frequency and dosage of treat-ment 1, were reduced when compared with treatment 3 under the same cultivation and management. The pesticides spraying of treat-ment 1 was reduced one time, the cost was decreased by 418.5 CNY/hm2, rice grain yield increased 1 264.50 kg/hm2 (amount to in-crease production 12.25%), and the income raised 14.30% when compared with treatment 3. The pesticides spraying of treatment 2 reduced once, the yield was increased by 603.00 kg/hm2 (amount to increase production 5.84%), and the income raised 5.90%when compared with treatment 3. The investigation indicated that the benefit and the cost were quite different among different pesticides combinations. The appropriate pesticides combination and timely spraying period will save the cost and increase the benefits, and con-tribute to protect ecosystem and improve the quality of rice.