云南干热籼稻区水稻高产形成规律及群体质量指标研究

为鉴定杂交籼稻组合在云南干热籼稻区种植的产量潜力,研究不同产量水平水稻产量形成规律及群体质量指标,选用大面积生产应用的6个杂交籼稻品种为材料进行了比较试验,并根据当地水稻生产特点制定了相应的高产栽培技术。结果显示,广优1186、德优4727、两优2186、宜优673、两优2161、宜香3003产量分别为15.65、15.29、15.19、15.18、14.89和13.95 t/hm~2。为更好的分析水稻高产形成规律,将6个品种产量划分为高产(13.0~14.0 t/hm~2)、更高产(14.0~15.0 t/hm~2)、超高产(15.0~16.0 t/hm~2)3个不同产量水平。超高产水稻较更高产水稻有效穗数提高10.25%,较高产水稻总粒数、实粒数、结实率分别提高32.13%、35.69%、12.50%;超高产水稻高峰苗数较更高产、高产水稻分别低10.32%和30.02%;成穗率随着产量水平的增加而增加。超高产水稻齐穗期总LAI为7左右,高效叶面积率70%左右。颖花量随着产量的增加而增加。超高产水稻实粒/叶、粒重/叶较高产水稻分别增加20.00%和25.54%。超高产水稻齐穗期、成熟期、齐穗至抽穗期干物质积累量较高产水稻分别提高11.70%、11.96%和12.35%。

Study on High Yield Formation and Population Quality Index of Rice in Dry Indica Eco-site of Yunnan Province

In order to study the high yield formation and population quality index of rice in dry indica eco-site of Yunnan Province, field plot experiment was carried out in 2016 with six different rice varieties as materials. The results showed that the yield of Guangyou 1186, Deyou 4727, Liangyou 2186, Yiyou 673, Liangyou 2161 and Yixiang 3003 was 15.65, 15.29,15.19, 15.18, 14.89, 13.95 t/hm2, respectively. Three types of yield levels (high yield: 13.0～14.0 t/hm2, higher yield: 14.0～15.0 t/hm2, super high yield:15.0～16.0 t/hm2) were divided in this study. Compared with higher yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 10.25％ higher ratio of productive panicle number. Compared with high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 32.13％, 35.69％, 12.50％ higher ra-tio of spikelets per panicle, filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate, respectively. Compared with higher yield and high yield va-rieties, super high yield varieties had 10.32％, 30.02％ lower ratio of the tiller number in peak seeding stage; percentage of ear-bear-ing tiller was increased with grain yield increasing. LAI in full heading stage of super high yield varieties was about 7.0, efficient LAI was about 70％. Total spikelet number was increased with increasing grain yield. Comparing with high yield varieties, super high yield varieties had 20.00％, 25.54％higher ratio of filled grain number leaf ratio and grain weight leaf ratio. Compared with high yield vari-eties, super high yield varieties had 11.70％, 11.96％, 12.35％ higher ratio of the dry matter accumulated in heading stage, mature stage and after heading stage, respectively.