天水地区蜂群室内与室外越冬效果对比

三年室内外越冬试验结果表明，室内越冬蜂平均死亡率为8.30%，室外越蜂冬平均死亡率为14.63%。室内越冬平均饲料消耗量为3.59 kg，室外越冬平均饲料消耗量为4.77 kg，室内越冬蜂的死亡率和饲料消耗量都显著低于室外越冬蜂群。室内、室外越冬的蜂群春繁都能正常进行，且室内越冬蜂群发展较好；室内外越冬温湿度记录情况看，室内温度变化不大，蜂群能够安静结团越冬，而室外温度变化较大，蜂群在越冬期间结团、散团，蜂团不稳定，越冬蜂寿命缩短。通过试验充分说明在天水地区蜂群采用室内越冬效果优于室外越冬，室内越冬是西北越冬期漫长地区较好的越冬方法。

Effect Comparison between Colonies Indoor and Outdoor Overwintering in Tianshui, Southern Gansu

The results showed that both the mortality and consumed bee feed for indoor bees were lower than those for outdoor bees in Tianshui region. A mean mortality of 8.30% of indoor overwintering colonies was significantly lower than that of 14.63% of outdoor colonies. The mean consumed bee feed for indoor colonies was 3.59 kg which was lower than that of 4.77 kg for outdoor ones. The result also showed both the indoor and outdoor colonies behaved good spring propagation but the latter hives increased colonies size faster than the former ones. The recorded temperature data showed indoor temperature changed softly while the outdoor ones fluctuated with a wide range so that the outdoor colonies experienced repeated clustering and loosing which accounted for shorter lifespan for wintering bees. The effect of wintering colonies behaved for indoor colonies than those for outdoor ones, which implied that indoor overwintering is preferred for colonies in northwest China during the long term wintering.