棉子油分近红外光谱测定技术研究

以近红外光谱分析技术无损、快速和高效等优点，建立棉籽油分含量的近红外分析模型，进行棉籽油分快速大批测定，提高分析水平和效率。218份陆地棉的脱绒光籽为定标样品，通过不同的光谱数学预处理和光谱反射方式，优化棉子含油量近红外光谱法所建立的回归方程。结果表明，采用(2，4，4，1)光谱数学预处理和散射校正(SNV)得到的回归方程效果最好，回归决定系数(RSQ=0.9773)和验证决定系数(1-VR=0.9646)最高，回归标准误差(SEC=0.6977)和交互验证标准误差(SECV=0.8714)最小。对30份验证样品的化学测定值和近红外光谱预测值相关系数高达0.9882，平均偏差0.65%，回归标方程具有很好的预测效果，可以在实践中应用。长江流域棉花杂交种棉子含油量平均值为28.05%，含油量在26.50%~30.05%区间的品种居多，具有很大的改良潜力。

Measurement Technique of Oil Content in Cottonseed by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

The near-infrared spectroscopy analysis model of cottonseed oil content has been set up,which is non-destructive,fast and efficient,to assay the oil content of cottonseed in large quantities faster and to improve the standard and efficiency of this analysis. A better regression equation was established by using different spectral mathematical pretreatment and spectral reflectance mode,with 218 upland cottonseeds as test sample which is naked cotton,a better regression equation for oil content by near infrared spectroscopy（NIRS） was established through the methods of spectra mathematic pretreatment and different spectra reflection treatment. The results showed the best regression equation was obtained by the mathematics pretreatment＂2,4,4,1＂for spectroscopic data,and transformation of Standard Normal Variant（SNV）. It had the highest regression squared of the calibration（RSQ=0.9773） and verification squared of the calibration（1-VR=0.9646）,and the same time,it had the least regression standard error of the calibration（SEC=0.6977）,and the least cross-validation standard error of the calibration（SECV=0.8714）. There was a correlation coefficient 0.9882 between the data of oil content obtained by the chemical and NIRS method by 30 verified samples,only with a deviation of 0.65%. The regression equation by NIRS could measure the oil content of cottonseed accurately; it could be applied in practice. The average cottonseed oil content of hybrid varieties from the Yangtze River Basin was 28.05%,ranging from 26.50% to 30.05% in majority,it had a large potential for improvement of the cotton varieties.