优质高产苹果园结构参数及生理指标研究

为了研究优质高产苹果树的环境参数和生理指标，以幼龄和成龄2个果园为研究对象，采用田间系统调查和室内测定分析的方法对优质高产苹果园树体结构参数、群体结构参数及一些生理指标进行了研究。结果表明：优质高产园树高在260~290 cm之间，主枝角度70°—75°；果园覆盖率75%~94%，行间和株间的交接率较小；成龄高产园总枝量达到1.04×10⁶条/hm²，幼龄果园枝量在8.79×10⁵条/hm²；其叶片较厚，叶绿素含量较高，SPAD值达58.22；光合作用较强，净光合速率17.48~21.8μmolCO₂/(m²·s)；抽生果苔副梢比例高，分别为81%和75%。

The Study of Structure Parameters and Physiological Indexes Research of High Quality and Yield Apple Orchards

In order to study the high yield and quality of apple tree environment parameters and physiological indicators, we made a young and a mature orchards as the research object, we took the methods of field investigation and indoor analysis for apple tree structure parameters, structural parameters and some physiological indexes. The results showed that: the tree height in the range of 260-290 cm, Orchard coverage was 75%- 94% , row and tree handover rate were low. The total branches of mature orchard reached 1040000 per hm², while the young orchard was 879000 per hm². The leaves were thick and chlorophyll content was high of high yield orchard, SPAD value was 58.22. The photosynthesis of the orchard were strong, net photosynthetic rate was 17.48-21.8μmolCO₂/(m²·s). The proportion of lateral shoot of bearing part were 81% and 75% respectively.