Dissemination of Information About Management Strategies and Changes in Farming Practices for the Exploitation of Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma Stem Canker) in Oilseed Rape Cultivars |
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Authors: | P Gladders N Evans S Marcroft X Pinochet |
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Institution: | (1) ADAS Boxworth, Cambridge, CB3 8NN, UK;(2) Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, Herts, UK;(3) Marcroft Grains Pathology, Grains Innovation Park, 110 Natimuk Road, VIC3400 Horsham, Australia;(4) Centre Technique Interprofessionel des Oléagineux Métropolitains (CETIOM), Centre de Grignon, BP No. 4, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France |
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Abstract: | The management of phoma stem canker (blackleg disease, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans) is an integral component of oilseed rape production. In this paper, we discuss the information about management strategies
that is disseminated in Europe and Australia. New cultivars have been introduced with improved resistance to disease, but
sometimes this resistance has been overcome as new races of the pathogen have emerged. When cultivars with single major gene
resistance have been introduced into areas with high inoculum concentrations, significant economic damage has been caused
by new races of L. maculans within 2–3 years. Quantitative or polygenic resistance has also been used successfully against stem canker and offers more
durable disease resistance if plant breeders and farmers deploy this resistance more effectively. Strategies to improve the
durability of resistance need to be developed and tested in practice. New information on the occurrence of virulence and avirulence
genes in populations of Leptosphaeria maculans and modelling of the durability of resistance provide opportunities for plant breeders, specialist technical organisations,
cooperatives, advisory services and farmers to collaborate and better exploit cultivar resistance. Changing economic and environmental
factors influence cropping practices and, if to be considered successful, management strategies must show clear financial
benefits. Technology transfer will need to address all aspects of managing stem canker and other diseases of oilseed rape
and using effective written, verbal and electronic methods of communication. |
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Keywords: | chemical control durable resistance cultural control Leptosphaeria maculans |
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