山东省侧柏种质资源评价及遗传改良

山东省侧柏种质资源评价及遗传改良在国内处于领先水平,收集侧柏种源79个、家系91个、无性系26个,建立了国内首个侧柏种质资源基因库,现有侧柏采种基地2830hm2,年产优质侧柏种子200万kg。侧柏研究已经列为国家植物种质资源共享平台、国家林业局公益性行业科研专项经费项目和山东省农业良种工程课题。侧柏国家发明专利1项,审定品种6个。侧柏应将生态型(抗旱、寒)、观赏型及用材型良种选育作为为主要育种目标。本文从侧柏种质资源收集、保存及评价;良种基地建设及种子区;种源试验和种源选择;优树及家系选择;杂交育种;良种快繁技术;侧柏遗传改良策略及思路等方面对其种质及遗传改良进行了评述,以期为侧柏新种质创制奠定基础。

Germplasm Evaluation and Genetic Improvement of Platycladus orientalis in Shandong

The germplasm evaluation and genetic improvement research of Platycladus orientalis in Shandong has engaged in the domestic leading level.The first domestic Platycladus orientalis gene pool was established,collecting 79 provenances,91 families,26 clones.There are 2830hm^2 Platycladus orientalis seed base existing,with an annual output of high quality seeds 2 million kg.Research on Platycladus orientalis has been listed as national infrastructure of plant germplasm resource,scientific research projects of the state forestry administration public welfare industry special funds and the agricultural improved variety of seed engineering projects in shandong province.1 national invention patent and 6 certified varieties of Platycladus orientalis have been obtained.The main breeding objective of Platycladus orientalis should focus on the ecotypes（drought resistance,cold resistance）,ornamental type and timber production type.This paper reviewed on germplasm and genetic improvement from several aspects：the collection,conservation and evaluation of Platycladusorientalisgermplasm resource,base construction of improved varieties and seed zones,provenance trials,selections of provenances,plus trees and families,cross breeding,rapid propagation techniques,Platycladus orientalis genetic breeding projects,etal.The main purpose was to establish a foundation for new germplasm creation of Platycladus orientalis.