林业决策支持系统(DSS)应用综述

随着生态学的发展以及环境和资源问题的日益突出,林业管理已经从单目标(如木材生产、生态防护、生物多样性保护等)传统林业管理发展到强调生物多样性保护和生态-经济-社会综合功能的多目标可持续林业管理。由于森林系统的高度复杂性和多尺度性以及林业管理的多目标性,林业决策支持系统在帮助森林经营管理者确定经营目标、设计经营管理计划、评价气候变化和管理方案对森林生态系统影响方面具有难以替代的作用。森林动态模型和生境适应性模型是林业管理决策支持系统模型框架中的核心组分,通常结合在一起研究气候变化和林业管理方案对森林生态系统各种生态功能和服务价值,尤其是生物多样性的影响。本文在介绍生境适宜性模型和森林动态模型研究历史和现状的基础上,结合国内开发的两个林业决策支持系统和国外开发的一个决策支持系统,就决策支持系统的结构和研究现状进行综述,并对中国林业管理支持系统开发进行展望。

Review of forestry decision support system

With the rapid development of ecology and increased concern on environment and resources, forest management have shifted from single-target (such as timber production, ecological shelter, biodiversity conservation) traditional forest management to multi-target biodiversity-oriented forest management for sustainable ecology, economy and society. Given hierarchical complexities of forest system and multi-target forest management, forestry decision support system (DDS) has emerged as an important tool to determine management objectives, design scenarios, assess climate change and management plan. The core components of forest management DDS are habitat suitability and forest dynamics models used to assess the impact of management scenarios and climate change on forest functions, services and especially biodiversity conservation. In this paper, the development of forest dynamics and habitat suitability models are discussed, followed by a forestry DSS review with a particular focus on the current state and problems. Finally, the future development of China's forestry DSS are summarized.