大型蒸渗仪的设计、建造与安装（英）

蒸渗仪是用来研究营养元素在农田中的运移的系统，本文系统描述了一种大型蒸渗仪的设计，建造与安装。试验采用湖北地区典型土壤类型黄棕壤与潮土，在华中农业大学校园内每种土壤安装16个大型蒸渗仪。蒸渗仪采用减少土柱的扰动的方法建造，并填充凡士林减少土壤水分的边缘流动。蒸渗仪采用外径630 mm高700 mm厚10 mm的PVC管作材料。土柱建成后安装在预制PVC底座上，底座中间有一圆孔外接淋失液收集装置。淋失液收集后用来测定淋失液离子含量。试验结果表明，相同土壤土柱之间淋失量差异不显著，没有检测到水分的边缘流动；同时建设效率高，费用低。

Design, construction and installation of large soil core lysimeters

This paper describes the collection, installation and use of large undisturbed soil monolith lysimeters to study nutrient leaching under field conditions. Yellow-brown soil and fluvo-aquic soil, two typical soils in Hubei Province, Central China were selected to collect sixteen undisturbed soil monolith lysimeters and installed at a field facility in Huazhong Agriculture University. This design was developed to minimize disturbance of the soil core and use petrolatum to prevent edge flow. The lysimeters were 630mm in external diameter and 700 mm in depth and made of PVC pipe of 10 mm wall thickness. The soil-filled cylinder was removed and set on a prefabricated base, which had drain holes and a fitting for attachment of the collection device. Leachate was collected and analysed for water quality. The results showed that there was no difference between the lysimeters in terms of drainage rate and no edge flow was detected. This design has been shown to be efficient and cost-effective.