秦岭南麓自然保护区内中蜂野化放归初步探究

摘要：中华蜜蜂 （Apis cerana ceraca Fab.简称中蜂） 是东方蜜蜂种中的一个亚种,在我国已经生息繁衍了数千万年,是我国各种被子植物的主要传粉昆虫,有不可替代的生态价值。由于外来蜂种的引入、气候变化、生态环境的破坏以及病虫害的影响,中蜂野外种群锐减。于是探究人工饲养中蜂野化放归的可能性很有意义。保护区内远离人为干扰,无外来蜂种的侵袭,自然环境没有污染,植物资源丰富,很适合开展中蜂野化放归研究。结果表明,人工饲养的中蜂在野外受到胡蜂侵袭最为严重,其次是兽类及鸟类的侵袭,以上原因是影响中蜂野外种群发展的主要原因。

A Preliminary Study on The Wild Reintroduction of Chinese Honeybee in The Nature Reserve at The Touthern Foot of Qinling Mountains

Abstract:Apis cerana ceraca Fab.,a subspecies of Oriental honeybee,has lived and multiplied for tens of millions of years in China.It is the main pollinator of various angiosperms in China,and has irreplaceable ecological value.Due to the introduction of exotic bee species,climate change,the destruction of the ecological environment and the impact of diseases and pests,the wild population of Chinese bees has declined sharply.Therefore,it is meaningful to explore the possibility of wild bee reintroduction in artificial feeding.The nature reserve is far away from human interference,free from invasion of foreign bee species,free from pollution of the natural environment,and rich in plant resources,which is very suitable for carrying out research on the wild reintroduction of Chinese bees.The results showed that the wasps reared in captivty were most seriously attacked by wasps in the wild,followed by mammals and birds.The above reasons were the main reasons affecting the development of the wild population of Chinese wasps.