北京市大兴区杨树生长表现分析研究

利用两期"一类"清查数据和2个试验地块实测数据,对中林46杨等8个品种的杨树生长差异进行分析。"一类"清查结果显示:混交林中沙兰杨、毛白杨调查期间(5 a)平均胸径生长量是小美旱杨的2.2~2.6倍,中林46杨、毛白杨纯林调查期间(5 a)平均胸径生长量是小美旱杨和小叶杨的4.4~8.4倍;试验林研究结果显示:中林46杨各生长指标显著高于沙兰杨和Ⅰ-214杨,沙兰杨显著高于加杨,加杨显著高于北京杨和小美旱杨,18 a生沙兰杨平均单株材积是加杨、小美旱杨、北京杨的3.5~7.3倍,6 a生中林46杨平均单株材积是沙兰杨、I-214杨的1.8~1.9倍。由此可知:中林46杨生长表现优,建议推广应用;沙兰杨、Ⅰ-214杨生长表现较好,可适度推广应用;毛白杨生长稳定,也可推广应用;加杨、小美旱杨、北京杨、小叶杨生长表现差,应予以更新,今后在本地区不再应用。提出要不断引进新品种,提高丰产栽培技术水平,进行试验示范,推广成功品种等建议。

Analysis on Growth Performance of Populus in Daxing District of Beijing

The growth differences of 8 Populus varieties,such as Populus×euramericana‘Zhonglin-46’,were analyzed based on the results of two forest inventories and the measured data of two experimental plots.The inventory showed that the average DBH growth of Populus×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’and Populus tomentosa in the mixed forest was 2.2~2.6 times of that of Populus×xiaozhuanica cv.‘Popularis’,while the average DBH growth of Populus×euramericana‘Zhonglin-46’and Populus tomentosa in the pure forest was 4.4~8.4 times of that of Populus×xiaozhuanica cv.‘Popularis’and Populus simonii in the investigation period(5 a).The results showed that the growth indexes of P.×euramericana‘Zhonglin-46’were significantly higher than those of P.×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’and P.×canadensis cv.‘I-214’,while the growth indexes of P.×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’were significantly higher than those of P.canadensis which had higher index than that of P.spekinsis and P.×xiaozhuanica cv.‘Popularis’.The average volume per plant of 18 year-old P.×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’was 3.5~7.3 times of P.canadensis,P.×xiaozhuanica cv.‘Popularis’and P.spekinsis,while the average volume per plant of 6 year-old P.×euramericana‘Zhonglin-46’was 1.8~1.9 times of P.×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’and P.×canadensis cv.‘I-214’.This paper concluded that the growth performance of P.×euramericana‘Zhonglin-46’was excellent,which should be popularized and applied,the growth performance of P.×canadensis cv.‘Sacrou 79’and P.×canadensis cv.‘I-214’was good,which could be moderately popularized and applied,the growth performance of P.tomentosa was stable,which could also be popularized and applied,but the growth performance of the others was poor,which should be updated,and not be applied in this area.This paper suggested to continuously introduce new varieties,improve high-yield cultivation techniques,carry out experiments and demonstrations,and popularized successful varieties.