云南森林自然中心受损银荆林带阻火效能研究

在云南森林自然中心林区受损银荆林带设置标准地和样方,通过外业调查和实验分析,从银荆生物学生态学特性、防火林带受损率、受损规律以及林下可燃物的变化4个方面对银荆林带的阻火效能进行研究。结果表明:银荆防火林带平均受损率为65.79%,受损银荆的胸径略大于存活银荆;未清理过林下可燃物的受损银荆防火林带林下可燃物含水率为10.38%,单位面积可燃物重量为0.80 kg/m2,且燃烧速度快、火焰及温度高、火势蔓延迅速、烧损率大,已不具备防火阻隔性能,反而会成为火灾蔓延的通道;清理过林下可燃物的银荆防火林带林下可燃物少,能有效阻隔火势的蔓延,虽受损但仍具有一定的防火效能。依据当下防火形势,提出加大宣传力度,提高群众防火意识,加大森林防火基础设施的建设力度,及时修复受损的生物防火隔离带,加大森林防火投入、引进新技术等森林防火的建议。

Fire Retarding Effectiveness of Damaged Acacia dealbata Forest Belt in Yunnan Forest Nature Center

The sample plots were set up for the damaged Acacia dealbata forest belt in the forest area of Yunnan Forest Natural Center to study the fire retarding effectiveness of Acacia dealbata forest belt from the ecological characteristics of Acacia dealbata,the damage rate of fire forest belt,the damage rule and the change of combustible under the forest by field investigation and experimental analysis.The results showed that the average damage rate of forest belt was 65.79%,and the DBH of the damaged forest was slightly larger than that of the surviving forest.The moisture content of the combustible under the not cleaned forest was 10.38%,and the weight of the combustible per unit area was 0.80 Kg/m2,with fast burning speed,high flame and temperature,rapid fire spread and high burning loss rate,which had lost fire barrier performance,but became the channel of fire spread.The cleaned forest with less combustible could effectively block the spread of fire,which still had a certain fire prevention efficiency although it was damaged.According to the current situation of fire prevention,this paper suggested to improve publicity and the fire prevention awareness of the masses,strengthen the construction of forest fire prevention infrastructure,timely repair the damaged biological fire belt,increase the investment in forest fire prevention and introduce new technologies.