西双版纳国家级自然保护区野生动物肇事补偿现状及缓解对策

基于2011—2018年野生动物肇事及补偿统计、年度保险理赔金额等资料,对西双版纳国家级自然保护区野生动物肇事补偿现状及存在问题进行分析。结果表明:保护区野生动物肇事频繁,范围广,主要的肇事动物有亚洲象、野猪、偶蹄类和灵长类动物等,其补偿工作存在野外查勘工作量大,标准定性难度大,补偿价值标准缺乏依据,补偿机制与监管机制不健全等问题。建议通过改变土地种植结构、恢复与改善野生动物栖息地、建立与完善政策法规及补偿机制、调控野生动物种群、开展野生动物肇事防范宣传等措施来缓解人与野生动物的矛盾和冲突。

Compensation Status and Measures of Wildlife Accident in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve

Based on the statistics of wildlife accident and compensation and the annual insurance claim amount from 2011 to 2018,this paper analyzed the current status and existing problems of wildlife accident compensation in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve.The results showed that the wild animals in the reserve were frequently involved in accidents with a wide range,including Elephas maximus,Sus scrofa,artiodactyla and primates.The main problems in the compensation work were the heavy workload of field investigation,the difficulty of qualitative standard,the lack of compensation value standard,and the imperfect mechanism of compensation and supervision.It was suggested that the contradiction and conflict between human and wildlife should be alleviated by changing the planting structure,restoring and improving the habitat,establishing and improving policies,regulations and compensation mechanism,regulating the population of wild animals,and carrying out the publicity of accidents prevention.