浙江文成县近10年生态足迹与生态可持续发展分析

运用生态足迹模型和资料信息分析等方法,对浙江省文成县2000—2009年生态足迹和生态可持续发展进行分析和评价。结果表明:文成县人均生态足迹不断提高,由2000年的0.5918 hm2.人-1增加到2009年的0.6352 hm2.人-1。人均生态承载力不断降低,由2000年的0.6189 hm2.人-1减少到2009年的0.5281hm2.人-1。文成县近10年出现了人均生态赤字,并有进一步加大的趋势。2000—2009年,文成县人均耕地资源的可持续发展指数逐渐下降,从0.5112下降至0.4540,由弱可持续状态变为弱不可持续状态。通过模型预测,到2019年,文成县人均生态足迹将达到0.6519 hm2.人-1,而人均耕地生态承载力将降到0.4917hm2.人-1,生态赤字增加到0.1602 hm2.人-1,可持续发展指数降低到0.4300,文成县的生态压力越来越严重。因此要采取控制人口数量、改变传统的消费观念、遏制生态环境破坏,提高单位土地利用率等措施,抑制生态足迹上升趋势,增加生态承载力,才能保持文成县的生态可持续发展。

Ecological footprint and ecological sustainable development analysis in Wencheng County from 2000 to 2009

Characteristics of the ecological footprint and ecological sustainable development in Wencheng from 2000 to 2009 was analyzed and evaluated using ecological footprint model and data aggregation and other analytical methods.The results showed that: the ecological footprint per capita of Wencheng increased from 0.5918 hm2 per person in 2000 to 0.6352 hm2 per person in 2009.Additionally,the ecological capacity per capita of Wencheng reduced from 0.6189 hm2 per person in 2000 to 0.5281 hm2 per person in 2009.The ecological deficit per capita showed a gradually increasing trend in Wencheng in recent 10 years.From 2000 to 2009,the sustainable development index of arable land resources per capita decreased from 0.5112 to 0.4540 and showed a state from lowly sustainable to lowly unsustainable.The model predicts that ecological footprint per capita of Wencheng will reach 0.6519 hm2 per person,while the ecological capacity of arable land per capita will drop to 0.4917 hm2 per person by 2019.Then ecological deficit will increase to 0.1602 hm2 per person and sustainable development index will decrease to 0.4300.The ecological stress of Wencheng will more and more serious.To inhibit the upward trend of ecological footprint,increase the ecological capacity and then maintain the ecologically sustainable development of Wencheng,we should control population,change the traditional concept of consumption,curb the ecological environment,improve the utilization rate per unit land and take other measures etc.