青海东部农区不同饲用燕麦品种生产性能及营养品质的比较

在青海省东部农区对4个燕麦品种(欧歌、莫尼卡、骏马、沙黄麦)全生育期的生产性能、生物量分配及营养价值进行了比较研究。结果表明,4个品种中"沙黄麦"抽穗期株高达到最高,为136.3 cm,鲜草产量在灌浆期最大,达到21 716.73 kg·hm~(-2),显著高于其它品种。同时,"沙黄麦"在生育期茎叶比均小于其它3个品种,完熟期为3.38,具有显著优势;4个品种的粗蛋白含量范围为5.31%～8.54%,中性洗涤纤维含量范围为54%～65%,酸性洗涤纤维的含量范围为30%～40%,营养品质均低于本地育成品种,因此,亟待改善农艺措施以提高引进燕麦品种饲草质量。

Study on the production performance and nutritional quality of different oat varieties in the pastoral region of Eastern Qinghai Province

In this study, we compared four oats varieties (Ogle, Monida, Junma and Shahuangmai), which were cultivated in the Eastern of Qinghai region, about their productivity, biomass distribution, and nutritional quality. As the results shown, among the four oats varieties, the height of Shahuangmai (Shm) peaked at the heading stage (136.3 cm), and the fresh grass reached the maxinum yield at filling stage (21 716.73 kg·hm^-2). At the same time, the shoot/leaf ratio of Shm was lower than that of other varieties, which indicated a higher leaf proportion in aboveground biomass. The range of the crude protein content of these four oats varieties were among 5.31%~8.54% and the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content were among 54%~65% and 30%~40%, respectively. Overall, the nutritional quality of these four oats were little lower. More work need to be done to improve the introduced oat varieties from the agricultural practice in the local place.