陇东旱塬区饲用小黑麦品系形态特征和草产量对干旱的响应

为筛选出适宜在陇东地区种植的秋播小黑麦品系。以‘中饲1048’小黑麦品种与‘石大1号’小黑麦品种为对照，在陇东旱塬区对22个小黑麦品系的株高、枝条数、茎粗、穗长、穗粗、鲜草产量、干草产量进行了2个年度（2020-2021年度，2021-2022年度）的研究，并通过灰色关联分析法进行综合评价。2020-2021年度各指标值均显著高于2021-2022年度。2个年度小黑麦材料的平均株高为125.00～185.90 cm，平均枝条数为515.83×10⁴～663.33×10⁴ hm^-2，平均茎粗为3.33～3.89 mm，平均穗长为10.06～12.01 cm，平均穗粗为 6.00～8.57 mm，平均鲜、干草产量分别为33.71～43.44 t/hm²、11.22～15.78 t/hm²。2020-2021年度TP17 20、TP17 45、TP17 39、TP17 51、TP17 1、TP17 27与TP17 34的干草产量较高，丰产性较好；2021-2022年度 TP17 34、TP17 15、TP17 51、TP17 20与TP17 48的干草产量较高，抗旱性强。综合评价表明，品系TP17 20、TP17 56、TP17 34、TP17 60、TP17 48、TP17 15、TP17 45、TP17 38、TP17 51的加权关联度值较高，并高于2个对照品种；品系TP17 34、TP17 51、TP17 20既高产又稳产，且抗旱性强，适宜于陇东旱塬区种植。

Morphological Characteristics and Forage Yield of Triticale Lines in Response to Drought in Longdong Rainfed Plateau Area

To select autumn sown triticale lines suitable for the production in Longdong area,a field experiment was conducted in Longdong rainfed plateau area to determine the plant height,branch number,stem diameter,ear length,ear diameter,fresh yield and hay yield of 22 triticale lines over two years (from 2020 to 2021 and from 2021 to 2022). Triticale varieties ‘Zhongsi 1048’ and ‘Shida No.1’ were used as the controls,and comprehensive evaluation was conducted using grey correlation analysis. Indexes determined from 2020 to 2021 were significantly higher compared with those from 2021 to 2022. Over the two years,the average plant height of 24 triticale materials ranged from 125.00 cm to 185.90 cm,the average number of branches ranged from 515.83×10⁴ to 663.33×10⁴ branches per hectare,the average stem diameter ranged from 3.33 mm to 3.89 mm,the average ear length ranged from 10.06 cm to 12.01 cm,the average ear diameter ranged from 6.00 mm to 8.57 mm. Additionally,the average fresh and hay yields ranged from 33.71 t/hm² to 43.44 t/hm² and 11.22 t/hm² to 15.78 t/hm²,respectively. The hay yields of triticale lines TP17 20,TP17 45,TP17 39,TP17 51,TP17 1,TP17 27 and TP17 34 obtained in 2020 to 2021 were high,with ideal yield potentials,whereas the hay yields of TP17 34,TP17 15,TP17 51,TP17 20 and TP17 48 were better in 2021 to 2022,showing strong drought resistance. The comprehensive evaluation showed that the weighted correlation values of triticale lines TP17 20,TP17 56,TP17 34,TP17 60,TP17 48,TP17 15,TP17 45,TP17 38 and TP17 51 were higher than those of the two controls. Triticale lines TP17 34,TP17 51,TP17 20 exhibite advantages such as high and stable yields,and strong drought resistance,which are suitable for the Longdong rainfed plateau area.