海南岛尖峰岭热带林凋落叶分解过程的研究*

本项研究采用尼龙网袋和网罩法对尖峰岭热带丰落叶季雨林和热带山地雨林凋落叶的分解过程进行对比观测,结果表明,两年凋落叶的分解失重率依次为92.27％、78.01％(网袋法)和99.08％、95.41％(网罩法),凋落叶的分解速度网罩法略快于网袋法。半落叶季雨林凋落叶的分解比山地雨林的快,腐解率K值前者为2.172(罩)和1.596(袋),后者为1.578和0.836,完全分解所需的理论时间约为2a和6a。在凋落叶分解过程中,元素的迁移序列各有异同,其中半落叶季雨林为:K>Ca>Na>Mg>N>C>P>Al>Fe>Si;山地雨林为:K>Ca>Mg>Na>C N>P>Al>Si>Fe。

RESEARCH ON DECOMPOSITION PROCESS OF THE FALLEN LEAVES IN THE TROPICAL FORESTS AT JIANFENGLING, HAINAN ISLAND

The decomposition process of fallen leaves of the semi-deciduous monsoon forest and the mountain rain forest had been studied with net bags and covers made by nylon threads at Jianfengling, Hainan Island. Through two-year observation, decomposed loss rates of the fallen leaves are 92.27%, 78.01 % and 99.08 %, 95.41 % respectively. The decomposed velocity of fallen leaves using the cover method is faster than that of the bag one, likewise, the decomposed velocity of the semi-deciduous monsoon forest is faster than that of the mountain rain forest. The decomposition rate "K" values is 2.172, 1.578 and 1.596, 0.836, correspondingly. Full decomposition may need two and six years, respectively.The removal order of the elements on the decomposition process of the semi-deciduous monsoon forest and mountain rain forest fallen leaves are as follows, K>Ca>Na>Mg>N>C>P>Al>Fe>SiK>Ca>Mg>Na>>O>N>P>Al>Si>FeThe decomposition of the litter fall which is an important process and way of material cycle and soil nutrients input into the forest ecosystem. This research has an important academic meaning and applying value on the structure, function and management of the tropical forest ecosystem.