浙江沿海的繁殖海鸟:多样性、分布和保护

浙江沿海拥有中国最多的海岛数量,其中有些无人岛屿成了海鸟的重要繁殖场所.然而,长期以来,我们对于繁殖海鸟在这些海岛上的种类、数量和分布状况并不清楚.在2003年至2006年共4个繁殖季节里,我们对浙江沿海的繁殖海鸟的多样性、种群数量、分布及其受胁状况进行了调查.共记录了黑尾鸥(Larus crassirostris)、大凤头燕鸥(Thalasseus bergii)、黑嘴端凤头燕鸥(T.bernsteini)、黑枕燕鸥(Sterna sumatrana)、粉红燕鸥(S.dougallii)、褐翅燕鸥(S.anaethetus)等6种海鸟,计28个繁殖岛屿、49个繁殖群体.五峙山列岛、中街山列岛、韭山列岛、渔山列岛、台州列岛和北麂列岛是浙江沿海相对比较重要的海鸟繁殖区域.目前绝大多数的繁殖群体面临严重威胁,在浙江沿海,乃至全国沿海,对繁殖海鸟的保护亟待加强.

Breeding seabirds along the Zhejiang coast: diversity, distribution and conservation

The coast of Zhejiang Province has the largest number of islands in China and include some of the more important breeding sites for several seabird species. However, for a long time, there has been no information on the diversity and distribution of species of breeding seabirds on these islands. During the 2003 to 2006 breeding seasons we carried out surveys along the Zhejiang coast on species diversity,population size, distribution of and threats to breeding seabirds. Our results discovered six species, i.e.,the Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris), the Greater Crested Tern (Thalasseus bergii), the Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii), the Black-naped Tern (Sterna sumatrana), the Bridled Tern (Sterna anaethetus) and the Chinese Crested Tern (Thalasseus bernsteini) and a total of 49 colonies breeding on 28 islands. The Jiushan,Zhongjieshan, Beiji, Wuzhishan, Yushan and Taizhou archipelagos hosted the most important sites for breeding seabirds along the Zhejiang coast. At present, most of the islands where seabirds breed are still unprotected. Conservation of breeding sites of seabirds along the Zhejiang coast and throughout China must be strengthened in the future.