不同小麦品种(系)穗部表皮蜡质的成分及含量分析

为了比较分析不同小麦基因型穗部蜡质成分及其含量的差异,以17个小麦品种(系)为材料,利用GC-MS和GC-FID对其穗部蜡质的成分和含量进行定性和定量分析。结果表明,从小麦穗部蜡质中共分离鉴定出24种化合物,其中主要为二酮,其次为烷烃、脂肪醇,还有少量的脂肪酸和醛。不同小麦品种(系)穗部蜡质在成分上并无明显差别,但蜡质总量和各组分含量差异明显。16个表皮具有白霜状的小麦品种(系)穗部表皮蜡质总量远高于无白霜小麦品种(中国春),白霜状小麦品种(系)穗部蜡质中二酮约占81.03%,而中国春穗部蜡质中二酮和烷烃的比例相当,分别占总蜡质的38.36%和38.14%;β-二酮在所有小麦品种(系)的穗部蜡质中都存在,但β-二酮衍生物羟基β-二酮仅存在于有白霜的小麦品种(系)表皮蜡质中。

Analysis on Composition and Content of Cuticular Waxes on Spikes of Different Wheat Varieties(Lines)

In order to compare and analyse the composition and content of the epicuticular waxes on spikes from different wheat varieties(lines),the wax component on spikes of 17 varieties(lines) were qualitatively and quantatively analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID).The results showed that 24 compounds were isolated and identified from the spikes,mainly including diketones,alkanes,and fatty alcohols,and a small amount of fatty acids and aldehydes.It was shown that there was no obvious difference in composition,but significant variance in the total waxes and the content of each component among the 17 wheat varieties(lines).The total waxes were significant higher in the 16 glaucous varieties(lines) than those in the glossy one(Chinese Spring).The β-diketones were the major component of the epicuticular wax and account for 81.03％ in the spikes of the glaucous varieties,while the β-diketones and alkanes were the dominant components in the spike of Chinese Spring(accounting for 38.36％ and 38.14％,respectively).The β-diketones can be detected in both glaucous and glossy wheats,but the derivatives OH-β-diketones can only be detected in the glaucous wheat varieties(lines).