播期和密度对襄麦D31籽粒产量及品质的影响

为探明小麦新品种襄麦D31对播期和密度的反应规律,于2015-2016年度在湖北省襄阳市农科院进行了不同播种期和不同播种密度的二因素裂区试验。结果表明,在2015年10月14日至11月8日间,播期对襄麦D31的穗粒数影响不显著,播期因为对有效穗数和千粒重作用显著而对籽粒产量产生显著影响,以10月29日播种的平均产量最高,达7 329.5kg·hm~(-2)。在180万~315万·hm~(-2)范围内,播种密度对千粒重的影响不显著,有效穗数和穗粒数随播种密度的增加分别呈现显著提高和显著下降的趋势;播种密度对籽粒产量影响不显著,以180万·hm~(-2)密度时的产量最大。容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量等品质指标对播期和密度反应趋势不同。综合各项试验结果,为争取产量和品质的协同提高,襄麦D31(2015年)适宜播期为10月24日至11月3日,适宜密度为180万·hm~(-2)左右,以10月29日播种产量和品质最佳。

Effect of Sowing Date and Planting Density on GrainYield and Quality of Wheat Variety Xiangmai D31

In order to investigate the response of a newly bred wheat variety Xiangmai D31 to sowing date and planting density,a field experiment with split plot design was conducted at Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hubei Province during 2015-2016 growing season.The results showed that the grain yield of Xiangmai D31 were significantly different among sowing dates from Oct.14 to Nov.8 due to significant influences on spike number per hm and 1 000-grain weight,but there was not significant influence on grains per spike.Results showed that the maximum grain yield was obtained on sowing date of Oct.29,with average yield of 7 329.5 kg·hm^-2.The planting density study from 1 800 000 to 3 150 000 seedlings per hm showed that 1 000-grain weight was insensitive to different wheat density.Spike number per hm was significantly improved by the increase of planting density with negative influence on grains per spike.As a result,the average grain yield was not significantly different among varied planting densities.Results also showed that quality parameters had different reacting trends referring to the sowing date and planting density.The comprehensive trial results suggested that the suitable sowing date for Xiangmai D31(in 2015) should be from Oct.24 to Nov.3 and the suitable planting density should be 1 800 000 seedlings per hm with the optimum yield and quality sown on Oct.29.