土壤条件对优质食用稻品质及产量的影响

在同等条件下，模拟不同厚度耕作层，不同泥、水温度情况，以分析4种土壤中所种植的优质食用稻品质和产量表现。结果表明，薄耕层使米质变劣，产量锐减。降低泥、水温度有利于优质早稻米质的改善，但产量降低，并对晚稻多项米质产生负效应。不同土壤的矿质养分含量增加可降低稻米垩白；有效磷、钾、硅含量的提高还可增加直链淀粉含量。食用稻优质、高产的最佳土壤条件是耕层较深厚且无低温冷浸的紫潮泥。

Effects of Soil Conditions on Quality and Yield of High-Quality Edible Rice

The quality and yield of high-quality edible rice under the simulated diffetent thickness of ploughlayer, different temperatures of soil and water in four kinds of soil were analyzed. The results showed that thegrain yield and rice quality decreased under the conditions of thin plough layer. The decrease of the temperature ofsoil and water improved the quality of high-quality early rice, but remarkably reduced the grain yield and also produced negative effects on many quality items of late rice. The increased content of the soil mineral nutrients couldreduce chalkiness rate of rice. As available P, K, St increased, the amylose content of rice increased, too. Themost optimum soil conditions for good quality and high yield of high-quality edible rice were calcareous loamy paddysoil with relatively thick plough layer but without low temperature and cold water immersion injury.