草莓属种质资源亲缘关系的SSR 标记分析

 用20对SSR引物对草莓属83份资源包括14个种和自然五倍体以及未鉴定的材料进行PCR扩增。在20个SSR位点共获得363个等位基因。每个位点扩增等位基因8 ~ 34个，平均18.2个，各位点多态性信息含量（PIC）在0.6691 ~ 0.9431，平均为0.8598。聚类分析表明，同属一个种的草莓资源被紧密地聚在一起。以种为单位，3个八倍体种智利草莓、弗州草莓和栽培种凤梨草莓亲缘关系很近，而八倍体种与其他低倍性野生种亲缘关系较远；在低倍性草莓种中，伞房草莓、五叶草莓、日本草莓、蝦夷草莓、高原草莓、黄毛草莓和绿色草莓聚在一组，具有较近的亲缘关系，而森林草莓、东北草莓、东方草莓、麝香草莓和自然五倍体草莓聚在一组，具有较近的亲缘关系。自然五倍体草莓可能起源于森林草莓或东北草莓与东方草莓或麝香草莓的自然杂交。

Phylogenetic Relationships Among Fragaria Germplasm by SSR Markers

Twenty SSR primer pairs were used to amplify SSR fragments for 83 Fragaria materials which belonging to 14 species，natural pentaploid strawberry and the unknown species. The 20 SSR primers generated a total 363 alleles. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 34，and averaged 18.2. The value of allelic polymorphism information content（PIC） ranged from 0.6691 to 0.9431，and averaged 0.8598. The dendrogram result showed that the samples clustered clearly among the same species. Among the species，the three octoploid species F. chiloensis，F. virginiana and F. × ananassa were clustered together，which showed the closest relationship. The three octoploid species had the distant relationship from other species. F. corymbosa，F. pentaphylla，F. nipponica，F. yezoensis，F. tibetica，F. nilgerrensis and F. viridis were clustered together and have closest relationship. And F. vesca，F. mandschurica，F. oriebtalis，F. moschata and the natural pentaploid strawberry were clustered together and have closest relationship. The origin of natural pentaploid strawberry may come from the cross of F. oriebtalis，F. moschata and F. vesca，F. mandschurica.