甘肃鼢鼠与根田鼠的犁鼻器和副嗅球结构研究

为了探讨地下鼠犁鼻系统与地面鼠的差异及其与地面鼠嗅觉功能相适应的特点,用组织学方法对甘肃鼢鼠(Myospalax cansus)与根田鼠(Microtus oeconomus)的副嗅球和犁鼻器结构并进行了差异性研究。结果表明,2种鼠的犁鼻器均位于鼻腔前端鼻中隔基部两侧,呈管状;甘肃鼢鼠犁鼻上皮厚度、副嗅球颗粒细胞和僧帽细胞带宽比根田鼠发达;甘肃鼢鼠犁鼻器、副嗅球的性二型分化比根田鼠显著。2种鼠各自犁鼻器和副嗅球的形态有一定的对应关系,甘肃鼢鼠犁鼻上皮、副嗅球厚而短;根田鼠犁鼻上皮、副嗅球薄而长。这种对应关系可能与犁鼻器和副嗅球之间存在着神经投射有关。

Histological Structure of the Vomeronasal Organ and Accessory Olfactory Bulb of Myospalax Cansus and Microtus oeconomus

In order to explore the difference in the vomeronasal organs and olfactory functions of subterranean rats and ground rats,the histological and immunohistochemistrical methods were used to study the structure of the accessory olfactory bulb and vomeronasal organ in M.cansus and M.oeconomus.The vomeronasal organs of both rats are in the inboard wall of vomeronasal tube,while outside wall protrudes to the central cave slightly,which is pseudostratified epithelium,and its base is bone marrow of a triangle.The vomeronasal epidermis thickness and the band width of accessory olfactory bulb granular cells and mitral cells in M.cansus are well developed than that of M.oeconomus.Compared with the M.oeconomus,the sexually dimorphic of accessory olfactory bulb and vomeronasal organ in M.cansus are significant.There is a certain corresponding relationship between the morphology of accessory olfactory bulb and vomeronasal organ.The vomeronasal epidermis and accessory olfactory bulb of M.cansus are thick and short,while that of M.oeconomus are thin and long.The possible reason of this corresponding relationship is related to the nerve projection between these two structures.