黄土丘陵区旱作梯田土壤环境调控的技术研究

[目的]为了改善农田土壤环境,提高作物生产力。[方法]选择黄土丘陵区旱作梯田进行定位试验,采用微集流聚肥改土耕作法,同时测定土壤理化性状指标。[结果]与对照相比,耕作层土壤厚度增加25 cm,土壤容重减少0.1 g/cm3,总孔隙度增加7.14%,田间持水量提高10.58%;土壤有机质、全氮含量分别提高71.06%、88.00%;速效氮、速效磷含量分别增加13.10、2.24 mg/kg;0～40 cm土壤温度提高2～4℃;7～9月0～200 cm土壤含水量与对照存在0.05水平显著差异。[结论]微集流聚肥改土耕作法能有效调控土壤理化性状,实现土壤环境的良性循环,是黄土丘陵区重要的农业耕作技术。

Study on Regulation Technology Based on Arid Terrace Soil In Loess Hilly Area

[Objective] The research aimed to improve the soil environment and the crop productivity.[Method] Based on a location test in dry farming terrace in loess hilly region,main soil properties were analyzed and determined by using the farming technique of micro-water harvesting and fertilizer gathering.[Result] The practice could enhance the soil properties.Compared with conventional flat practice,the tillage soil layer increased by 25 cm,the soil density decreased by 0.1 g/cm3,the soil porosity increased by 7.14%,soil water retaining capacity increased by 10.58%.The soil organic matter,the contents of total nitrogen was improved by 71.06%,88%.Available nitrogen and available phosphorus increased by 13.1,2.24 mg/kg.In the layer of 0 to 40 cm,the soil temperature increased by 2-4 ℃.Based on the variance analysis,significant difference from soil moisture in the layer of 0-200 cm was observed between test flat and control flat.[Conclusion] It was an important farming technique in loess hilly region,which could effectively control the physical and chemical properties of the soil.