潮汕农村住宅现状及其热工性能研究(二)——爬狮类住宅室内光热环境研究

爬狮类住宅是潮汕地区在农村传统住宅基础上演变而来的一类重要的现代农村住宅,对其进行研究可为农村节能住宅设计提供有效依据。该研究选取汕头市金浦镇的单层爬狮住宅、保留天井的多层爬狮类住宅、取消天井的多层爬狮类住宅3种典型的爬狮类住宅,进行室内温湿度实测,并使用Ecotect进行室内光环境模拟,综合比较3种典型爬狮类住宅的室内光热环境。研究结果表明:①应保留开敞的厅堂等灰空间;②夜间应将室外较凉的空气引入室内,这有利于住宅夜间降温;③打破传统爬狮类住宅对北向墙面不开启外窗的束缚,可以改善采光效果,建议使用屋顶隔热构造;④多层住宅的天井增加的顶盖会影响室内热环境,对气候调节的作用效果不如单层住宅。

Current Status and Thermal Performance of Rural Residence in Chaoshan Area(Ⅱ)

Pashi house(climbing-lion-type house) is an important residence type in Chaoshan rural area evolved from its traditional rural dwellings,and study on such houses provides effective support for the energy-saving designs of rural buildings.Three typical Pashi houses in Jipu Town,Shantou City were selected,specifically,one-storey Pashi house,multi-storey Pashi house with Tianjing(small courtyard enclosed by rooms) and multi-storey Pashi house without Tianjing.Ecotect was applied to simulate indoor light environment,and indoor light and thermal environments of 3 typical Pashi houses were compared.The results showed that(a) Grey spaces such as open hall should be maintained;(b) Cooler outdoor air should be introduced into indoor spaces at night for reducing the indoor air temperature;(c) The tradition that Pashi House never has a window facing north should be broken to improve the lighting,and heat insulation structure can be applied for the roof;(d) Top of the Tianjing in a multi-storey Pashi house influences the indoor thermal environment,and plays an less effective role than one-storey Pashi house does in adjusting micro climate of the house.