中日泰优质稻米的外观及食味差异性研究

选用中国、日本和泰国有代表性的6个主栽水稻品种,对其稻米外观、食味特性值和品尝评价值进行了分析,结果显示:3个国家的稻米品种间在外观、蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量和淀粉糊化特性方面均存在显著差异;蛋白质含量和淀粉糊化特性值间不存在显著的相关关系,而直链淀粉含量和最高粘度、最低粘度以及最终粘度间呈现出显著负相关,但与崩解值以及消减值间的相关性并不显著;食味品尝评价方面,中、日、泰3国稻米除硬度外,米饭的外观、香气、味道、粘度和综合评价值均存在显著差异。日本"越光"稻米品质综合评价为最优,中国"稻花香"、"隆粳香1号"和"津川1号"稻米品质其次,而中国"津原45"及泰国"Hom Mali105"稻米品质处于第三档次。对中日泰代表性稻米品质的综合评价为水稻品质育种及稻米加工产业的发展提供了有益参考。

Differences Analysis of Appearance and Palatability of Rice with Good Quality Produced in China,Japan and Thailand

Six major rice cultivars produced in China, Japan and Thailand were selected. Their appearances, palatability characteristics, and taste evaluation of estimate were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in appearance, protein content, amylose content and starch pasting properties. There were no significant correlation between protein content and starch pasting properties value. While, there was significant negative correlation with amylose content, peak viscosity, minimum viscosity and final viscosity. But, there were no significant correlation with breakdown value and setback viscosity. In terms of sensory test, except hardness, there were significant differences in appearance, aroma, taste, viscosity and comprehensive evaluation value among these 3 rice varieties produced in 3 countries. Japanese Koshihikari possessed the best quality in comprehensive evaluation. The quality of Chinese Daohuaxiang, Longjingxiang 1 and Jinchuan 1 took the second place. Chinese Jinyuan 45 and Thailand Hom Mali105 took the third place. The comprehensive evaluation on quality of rice cultivars produced in China, Japan and Thailand have provided useful references for rice quality breeding and development of rice processing industry.