基肥对知母生长特性和活性成分含量影响的研究

为指导知母合理施肥,规范化栽培,在知母移栽时施用不同的基肥种类和施肥量,研究其对知母生长特性和活性成分含量的影响。结果表明:不同施肥处理与对照相比其株高、物质积累和活性成分含量均有不同程度的提高,但相互之间差异不显著;不同施肥量对知母根茎干重、鲜重,须根干重、鲜重,全株干物质积累和活性成分含量的影响总体呈现出B3B2B1的趋势,由于B3与B2之间差异不显著,考虑到成本问题,施肥量选择B2;不同施肥种类对知母各生长特性指标和活性成分含量的影响均不显著。从知母生长期间物质积累来讲,A2B3一直效果最好;但从不同施肥种类对知母中知母皂苷BⅡ和芒果苷含量的影响数据来看,施用有机肥效果较无机肥好。综合考虑基肥对知母生长特性和活性成分含量的影响,建议知母栽培时基肥的最佳使用种类和使用量为A1B2,该结果为知母的规范化栽培提供了施肥依据。

Study on the Influence of Basal Fertilizer on Growth Characteristics and Active Ingredient Content of Anemarrhenae rhizoma

In order to guide the rational fertilization about Anemarrhenae rhizoma, and provide the technical support for its standardized cultivation and application of different kinds of basal species and different fertilizer amount when Anemarrhenae rhizoma were transplanted, this paper studied the influence of basal fertilizer on growth characteristics and active ingredient content of Anemarrhenae rhizoma. The results showed that under different fertilizer treatments the plant height, matter accumulation and active ingredient content all increased, but no significant difference between each other. The influence of different fertilizing amount of Anemarrhenae rhizoma on the dry and fresh weight of rhizoma and fibres, total plant dry matter accumulation and the influence of the active ingredient content were presented B3>B2>B1. Due to no significant difference between B2 and B3, considering the cost problem, B2 fertilizing amount was choose. Among different fertilizer types, Anemarrhenae rhizoma growth characteristic index and the influence of active ingredient content were not significant. A2B3 was the best from the datas of matter accumulation, but the effect of organic fertilizer was better than the inorganic fertilizer from the content of active ingredients. Considering the influence of basal fertilizer on Anemarrhenae rhizoma growth characteristics and the content of active ingredients, A1B2 worked best. The results provided the fertilizer practice for the standardized cultivation of Anemarrhenae rhizoma.