雾灵山低山区土地利用类型对土壤理化性质的影响

针对雾灵山低山区不同土地利用类型的土壤进行采样和分析,研究农田、果园、绿化林、果农间作和未利用地5种土地利用类型对土壤理化性质的影响,以期为雾灵山地区的土地合理利用和水土保持等提供科学依据.结果表明:5种土地利用类型中,绿化林的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾含量均为最高,而含水量最低;果农间作的有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量最低;未利用地的含水量和容重最高,而速效磷和速效钾含量最低.不同土地利用类型土壤有机质含量随土层深度的增加而减少,而其他土壤养分含量随土层深度的增加其减少量有明显差异.同全国第二次土壤普查养分分级标准相比,各土地利用类型的土壤速效磷和速效钾含量较为丰富,全氮和有机质含量较为缺乏,其中绿化林的各养分均较为丰富.

Effects of Land Uses on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Hilly Areas of Wuling Mountain

To study effects of land uses on soil physical and chemical properties, soil samples collected from different land uses (cropland, orchard, woodland, unused land, intercropping land) of the hilly areas of Wuling Mountain were analyzed, which provided a scientific basis of land using and the conservation of soil and water. The result showed that the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly affected by land uses, the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium of woodland were the highest, but the soil moisture in this land was the lowest; the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen of intercropping land were the lowest; the contents of soil moisture and bulk density of unused land were the highest, but the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were the lowest, and other nutrients were on the low level. The soil nutrients of the five land uses decreased with the increase of depth of soil layer. The reduction of soil organic carbon of all the five land uses was similar, but the reduction of the other nutrients was different among the land uses. Based on the classification standard of soil nutrients in the second soil investigation of China, the contents of soil available phosphorus and available potassium kept mid-high level, the contents of soil total nitrogen and organic carbon kept deficient status, and the soil nutrients of woodland were abundant.