棉花杂种优势利用研究十年成就和未来发展

棉花杂种优势利用研究始于20世纪20年代,应用于20世纪70年代,我国大规模应用始于20世纪90年代。21世纪初,转基因抗虫杂交棉的问世和兴起,加速了棉花杂种优势大面积推广利用,使其在长江流域迅速普及,黄河流域和新疆棉区也占据一席之地。近年来,由于劳动力成本不断提高,简化、高效、低成本棉花生产已成为必然趋势,给棉花杂种优势利用研究提出新的挑战。本文从棉花杂种优势应用研究、基础研究和制种方法 3个方面综述了近十年我国棉花杂种优势利用研究主要成就以及未来发展方向。

Ten-Year Achievements and Future Development of Cotton Heterosis Utilization

Cotton heterosis utilization was first studied in 1920s,and utilized in 1970s,but large scale applied in production in China in 1990s.In the beginning of 21st century,with the successful breeding and application of transgenic Bt cotton hybrids,the utilization of cotton hybrids was largely accelerated with the covering whole cotton region in the Yangtse River Valley and a part in the Yellow River Valley and Xinjiang cotton region.Recently,as continuous rising of labor cost,the simplified,high effective and low cost cotton planting has become an inevitable trend,which brings a new challenge for cotton heterosis utilization study.This paper summarized the main progress on the applied and basic research of cotton heterosis along with its hybrid seeds production methods in the recent decade and future development.