不同浓度化学刺激物对多棘海盘车摄食行为及呼吸代谢的影响

实验室条件下,研究了3种贝类(太平洋牡蛎、紫贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔)不同浓度组织匀浆液及5种单一L型氨基酸(甘氨酸、谷氨酸、酪氨酸、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸)等化学刺激物对多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)摄食行为及呼吸代谢的影响。将多棘海盘车对刺激物的行为反应分为正趋向、负趋向和无反应3类,趋向反应由简单到复杂分为4种反应类型,通过测定耗氧率来表示呼吸代谢水平。结果显示,3种贝类组织匀浆液和5种氨基酸(浓度范围10 10~10 4mol/L,酪氨酸除外)均引起多棘海盘车的正趋向反应,且多棘海盘车产生反应的数量比例随刺激物浓度的升高而增加,反应类型也由简单逐渐趋于复杂。同种氨基酸在低浓度下引起多棘海盘车正趋向反应,但超过一定浓度(10 3~10 2mol/L)后会引起负趋向反应(实验浓度范围内谷氨酸组未出现)。不同种类刺激物对多棘海盘车摄食行为反应的影响不同,谷氨酸、甘氨酸以及菲律宾蛤仔组织匀浆液对多棘海盘车诱引效果最好。多棘海盘车的耗氧率随刺激物浓度的增加而逐渐升高。在贝类组织匀浆液中多棘海盘车的耗氧率均高于对照组;甘氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸各处理组中,只有在较高浓度下耗氧率才显著高于对照组,酪氨酸各组之间无显著差异。研究旨在为贝类底播增养殖和人工鱼礁区敌害生物的防除提供参考,同时为多棘海盘车觅食行为机制的研究提供数据支持。

Behavioral and metabolic responses of the North Pacific sea star (Asterias amurensis) to chemical stimuli of different concentrations

ExperimentswerecarriedouttoinvestigatethebehavioralandmetabolicresponsesoftheNorthPacificseastar)todifferentconcentrationsoffoodsignals(fivesingleaminoacidandthreebivalvetissuehomogenate).Togaingreaterknowledgeintotheforagingbehaviorof,itsbehaviorwasdividedintofourcomponents.Stimulusconcentrationincreaseelicitedariseinboththepercentageofreactinganimalsandinthereactionintensityattheaminoacidconcentration-exceptfortyrosine.Atalowstimulusconcentration,thereactionofconsistedoftubefootwaving,andonlyhighconcentrationsinitiatedacomplicatedsequenceofseveraltypesofbehavior.However,frightreactionswereobservedathighconcentrations(mol·)ofaminoacidexceptforglutamicacid.DifferenceswerefoundamongthebehaviorresponsebyRuditapesphilippinarumantforthestudiedseastars.Fortheeighttestedstimuli,adependencybetweenstimulusconcentrationandtheoxygenconsumptionrate(OCR)wasobserved,withtheincreaseinstimulusstrengthcausingtheincreaseinthemetabolicrate.Forthetissuehomogenatesgroups,theOCRwassignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrol.However,statisticallysignificantdifferencesfromthecontrolwereonlyfoundinseastarsexposedtohighconcentrationsofglycine,glutamicacidandasparticacid.Nosignificantdifferenceswereobservedamongdifferentconcentrationsof